Q：How do industrial steam generators use water?

A：
Water is the key medium for heat conduction in steam generators. Therefore, industrial steam generator water treatment plays an important role in ensuring the effectiveness, economy, safety, and operation of steam generators. It integrates water treatment principles, condensed water, make-up water, and scaling thermal resistance. In many aspects, it introduces the impact of industrial steam generator water treatment on steam generator energy consumption.

Water quality has an important impact on the energy consumption of steam generators. Water quality problems caused by improper water treatment usually lead to problems such as scaling, corrosion, and increased sewage discharge rate of the steam generator, resulting in a reduction in the thermal efficiency of the steam generator, and the thermal efficiency of the steam generator Each percentage point reduction will increase energy consumption by 1.2 to 1.5.

At present, domestic industrial steam generator water treatment can be divided into two steps: water treatment outside the pot and water treatment inside the pot. The significance of both is to avoid corrosion and scaling of the steam generator.

The focus of the water outside the pot is to soften the water and remove impurities such as calcium, oxygen, and magnesium hardness salts that appear in the raw water through physical, chemical and electrochemical treatment methods; while the water inside the pot uses industrial drugs as the basic treatment method.

For the water treatment outside the pot, which is an important part of steam generator water treatment, there are three stages. The sodium ion exchange method used in softened water treatment can reduce the hardness of the water, but the alkalinity of the water cannot be further reduced.

Steam generator scaling can be divided into sulfate, carbonate, silicate scale and mixed scale. Compared with ordinary steam generator steel, its heat transfer performance is only 1/20 to 1/240 of the latter. Fouling will greatly reduce the heat transfer performance of the steam generator, causing the combustion heat to be taken away by the exhaust smoke, resulting in a reduction in the steam generator output and steam quality. Lmm fouling will cause 3% to 5% gas loss.

The sodium ion exchange method currently used in softening treatment is difficult to achieve the purpose of alkali removal. In order to ensure that the pressure components are not corroded, industrial steam generators should be controlled through sewage discharge and pot water treatment to ensure that the alkalinity of the raw water reaches the standard.

Therefore, the sewage discharge rate of domestic industrial steam generators has always remained between 10% and 20%, and every 1% increase in the sewage discharge rate will cause fuel loss to increase by 0.3% to 1%, severely limiting the energy consumption of steam generators; secondly, The increase in steam salt content caused by the co-evaporation of soda and water will also cause equipment damage and increase the energy consumption of the steam generator.

Affected by the production process, industrial steam generators with considerable capacity often need to install thermal deaerators. There are common problems in its application: the consumption of a large amount of steam reduces the effective utilization of the heat of the steam generator; the temperature difference between the water supply temperature of the steam generator and the average water temperature of the heat exchanger becomes larger, resulting in increased exhaust heat loss.