Fire tube boilers have a simple structure, large volume of water and steam, good adaptability to load changes, lower water quality requirements than water tube boilers, and are mostly used in small-scale enterprise production processes and domestic heating. The heating surface of the water tube boiler is conveniently arranged and has good heat transfer performance. It is structurally used for large capacity and high parameter conditions, and has high requirements for water quality and operation level.
The advantages and disadvantages of the two types of boilers are as follows:
Fire Tube Boiler - Advantages:
1. The structure is simple, the construction cost is low, and the operation is easy.
2. Few failures, easy maintenance and low maintenance cost.
3. Large water and steam storage capacity, more flexible when the load changes.
Fire Tube Boilers - Disadvantages
1. The thermal efficiency is not as high as that of the water tube boiler, the average can only reach 70%-75%, and the highest can reach 80%.
2. There is a large amount of water storage, and the damage range will be large in case of rupture.
Water Tube Boiler - Advantages:
1. It is composed of small-diameter parts, which can be disassembled and assembled for easy transportation. The structure is suitable for high pressure and large capacity.
2 The fuel equipment can be freely selected, the combustion chamber can be freely designed, and the combustion is relatively complete. 3. The heat transfer area is large, the thermal efficiency is good, and the fuel cost can be saved.
4. As far as the heating area is concerned, there is not much water in the furnace, and the steam is generated quickly, and in case of a disaster, the degree of damage is small.
5. The heated part is a water pipe, and the expandable part is borne by the water pipe, so the thermal stress on the furnace body is small.
Water Tube Boiler - Disadvantages:
1. The structure is complex, the manufacturing cost is much higher than that of the fire tube type, and the cleaning is troublesome.
2. The impact caused by scale is quite large, and the water quality requirements are strict.
3. Due to the small capacity of the steam and water drums for water storage, it is easy to cause the phenomenon of steam and water co-swelling, resulting in high-humidity steam.
4. The water pipe is in contact with high-temperature combustion gas for a long time, which is easy to be damaged.
5. The steam storage capacity is small, so the pressure changes greatly.
